Nvidia Corp. faces new US restrictions on the export of its H20 chip to China, a policy change that will cost the company billions of dollars and hamstring a product line that it explicitly designed to comply with previous curbs.

The government informed Nvidia on Monday that the H20 would require a license to export to China “for the indefinite future,” the company said in a regulatory filing Tuesday. Officials said that the new rules address concerns that “the covered products may be used in, or diverted to, a supercomputer in China,” according to the filing.